In Grimm v. Gloucester County School Board, the Fourth Circuit denied the petition to rehear a case en banc where it previously held that the Gloucester County School Board violated the Equal Protection Clause when it prohibited a transgender student from using the men’s restroom.

In Barrett v. PAE Government Services, the Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court’s grant of summary judgment in favor the defendants—two Arlington County, Virginia police officers and one of the County’s mental health examiners—after the defendants were sued under 42 U.S.C. § 1983.

In United States v. McCain, the Fourth Circuit held that sentencing a seventeen-year-old to life in prison without the possibility of parole did not violate the Eighth Amendment’s ban on cruel and unusual punishment.

In Grimm v. Gloucester County School Board, the Fourth Circuit held that the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, 20 U.S.C. § 1681(a), protect transgender students from school bathroom policies that prohibit them from affirming their gender.